{"product_id":"parosphromenus-sp-musi-waras","title":"Parosphromenus sp. Musi Rawas","description":"\u003cp class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\"\u003eIUCN Red List: Not Evaluated (Undescribed locality form; formal conservation status unavailable)\u003cspan class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchor\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant note: These fish are \u003cstrong\u003ewild-caught and currently unidentified beyond the genus level. Their taxonomic identity and precise care requirements have not yet been formally established. Please proceed with caution.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e sp. “Musi Rawas”\u003cbr\u003e(Undescribed Musi Rawas Licorice Gourami)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e sp. “Musi Rawas” is an apparently undescribed licorice gourami originating from the Musi Rawas region of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Until the population is formally studied and compared with described species, it should be maintained under its locality name rather than assigned a definitive species identity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on currently observed specimens, the fish appears to possess the slender body, dark longitudinal markings, delicate extended fins, and reflective fin coloration associated with the genus \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e. Males may display iridescent blue, green, turquoise, or reddish elements when mature and actively courting, while females and non-displaying individuals are expected to appear considerably more subdued.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, its precise physical characteristics remain uncertain. Color can change dramatically with age, sex, stress, social status, lighting, and water conditions. Recently imported fish may bear little resemblance to settled, sexually mature adults. Fin shape, iridescent patterning, body markings, and sexual differences should therefore be considered preliminary observations rather than confirmed diagnostic features.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis population should not be identified solely by photographs or superficial resemblance to another \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e. Accurate identification may eventually require examination of fin rays, body proportions, scale counts, preserved coloration, collection locality, and genetic evidence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSize:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eExact adult size has not been confirmed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBased on similar Sumatran \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e, adults can provisionally be expected to reach approximately 3–4 cm (≈ 1.2–1.6″) in standard length.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSome mature males may appear longer because of extended dorsal, pelvic, anal, or caudal-fin rays.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWater parameters:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUntil locality-specific measurements become available, extremely soft, acidic blackwater conditions are recommended.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003epH 3.5–6.0\u003cbr\u003eGH 0–4 °d\u003cbr\u003eKH 0–1 °d\u003cbr\u003eTDS preferably below 70 ppm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor acclimation and breeding attempts, water below approximately 50 ppm TDS may be beneficial, provided it remains chemically stable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReverse-osmosis or similarly low-mineral water will normally be required. Prepare the aquarium with leaf litter, driftwood, alder cones, and appropriate botanicals that release tannins and humic substances.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvide dim lighting, dense cover, multiple small caves, and very gentle water movement. An air-powered sponge filter is ideal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerform small, regular water changes with replacement water closely matched in temperature, pH, and TDS. Avoid rapid acidification and large changes in water chemistry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTemperature:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e22–28 °C (72–82 °F)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA conservative maintenance range of approximately 24–26 °C (75–79 °F) is recommended until more information about the collection habitat becomes available.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUse a tightly fitting lid to retain warm, humid air above the water and prevent the fish from jumping.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFood:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePresumed to be a specialized micropredator like other members of the genus.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOffer a varied diet including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e– Live baby brine shrimp\u003cbr\u003e– Moina and small daphnia\u003cbr\u003e– Grindal worms\u003cbr\u003e– Microworms\u003cbr\u003e– Small mosquito larvae\u003cbr\u003e– Cyclops and other tiny live crustaceans\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmall frozen foods may eventually be accepted, but acceptance should not be assumed. Wild-caught \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e frequently refuse flakes, pellets, and other dried products.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEstablish several dependable live-food cultures before obtaining this fish. Feed small portions regularly and monitor every individual for weight loss.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTankmates:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBest maintained as a \u003cstrong\u003especies-only group or sexed pair\u003c\/strong\u003e until its identity, behavior, and reproductive biology are better understood.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDo not mix this population with any other \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e species or locality form. Hybridization could permanently compromise its value for taxonomic study and conservation breeding.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf tankmates are necessary, use only a small number of peaceful blackwater fishes such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e– \u003cem\u003eBoraras\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e– \u003cem\u003eSundadanio\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e– Other tiny, passive rasboras\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAvoid large fish, territorial species, active swimmers, and competitive feeders.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBreeding:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBreeding behavior has not been formally documented for this population.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is reasonable to expect cave-spawning behavior with paternal brood care, as this reproductive strategy is typical of \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e. This expectation should remain provisional until the behavior is directly observed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvide several small caves formed from ceramic shelters, narrow tubes, curled leaves, or other enclosed structures. A mature male may establish a territory and display near a selected cave. The exact courtship orientation, fin display, egg number, incubation period, and larval-development schedule should be carefully documented rather than assumed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf spawning follows the typical pattern of the genus, the male will probably guard eggs attached to the cave ceiling and tend the larvae until they become free-swimming.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePotential first foods include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e– \u003cem\u003eParamecium\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e– Infusoria\u003cbr\u003e– Rotifers\u003cbr\u003e– Vinegar eels\u003cbr\u003e– Microworms\u003cbr\u003e– Newly hatched baby brine shrimp as the fry develop\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of courtship, spawning, brooding, both sexes, and developing juveniles should be retained whenever possible.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eImportant note:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAs a wild-caught and potentially undescribed population, these fish require extremely careful acclimation. Match the receiving aquarium closely to their shipping water and make any necessary adjustments gradually.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew arrivals may remain hidden, display temporary stress patterns Fox, or refuse unfamiliar foods. Provide dense cover, subdued lighting, multiple caves, and suitable live food immediately.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKeep this population genetically isolated. Do not distribute offspring simply as \u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e sp. without the locality designation. Records should identify them consistently as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eParosphromenus\u003c\/em\u003e sp. “Musi Rawas”\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaintain collection dates, importer information, photographs, breeder records, and parentage whenever available.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"BWAquatics","offers":[{"title":"groups of 5","offer_id":49848162517144,"sku":"LINK5","price":49.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"groups of 10","offer_id":49848162549912,"sku":"LINK10","price":89.95,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/bwaquatics.com\/products\/parosphromenus-sp-musi-waras","provider":"BWAquatics","version":"1.0","type":"link"}